Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection in companion birds in selected regions of Iran
Barra lateral del artículo
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is known to cause infections in humans following exposure to decaying organic matter or animals colonized with the organism, such as swine and fish. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of this bacterium in companion birds in Iran. A total of 116 stool and tissue samples were collected from pigeons, cockatiels (n = 14), Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus), Red-and-green Macaw (Ara chloropterus) and Singing Parrot (Geoffroyus heteroclitus) admitted to veterinary clinics in Tabriz, Yazd, and Ahvaz. To investigate the presence of E. rhusiopathiae at the molecular level, DNA was extracted from all samples followed by PCR testing. After euthanasia, tissue samples were taken from the sick birds for histopathological examination. PCR analysis of tissue samples (trachea and brain) from two immature female pigeons yielded positive results for E. rhusiopathiae, representing a detection rate of 2.02 % (2/99) among birds from which tissue samples were collected. Histopathological examinations revealed necrotizing hepatitis, nephritis, myocarditis, rhabdomyolysis, pneumonia, and mild tracheitis with severe hyperemia, focal hemorrhages and varying degrees of inflammation in the examined tissues. From these results, it could be assumed that E. rhusiopathiae is present in the trachea and brain of Iranian companion birds, especially pigeons, as an important infectious agent that can have serious effects on the health and stability of these avian populations.
Detalles del artículo
Citas
Ugochukwu ICI, Samuel F, Orakpoghenor O, et al. Erysipelas, the opportunistic zoonotic disease: history, epidemiology, pathology, and diagnosis —a review. Comparative Clinical Pathology. 2019;28(Issue 3):853–859. doi: 10.1007/s00580-018-2856-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-018-2856-5
Opriessnig T, Forde T, Shimoji Y. Erysipelothrix spp.: past, present, and future directions in vaccine research. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2020;7:174. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00174. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00174
Malik YS, Milton AAP, Ghatak S. Role of birds in transmitting zoonotic pathogens. Springer; 2021. doi: 10.1007/978-981-16-4554-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4554-9
Meier SM, Kottwitz J, Keller DI. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection by geese to human transmission. BMJ Case Report. 2021;14(5):e240073. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2020-240073. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-240073
Canotilho J, Abrantes AC, Risco D. First serologic survey of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in wild boars hunted for private Consumption in Portugal. Animals. 2023;13(18):2936. doi: 10.3390/ani13182936. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13182936
Balootaki PA, Amin M, Haghparasti F. Isolation and detection of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and its distribution in humans and animals by phenotypical and molecular methods in Ahvaz-Iran in 2015. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences. 2017;42(4):377. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5523045/
Chang RK, Miller MA, Tekedar HC. Pathology, microbiology, and genetic diversity associated with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and novel Erysipelothrix spp. infections in southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis). Frontiers in Microbiology. 2024;14:1303235. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1303235. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1303235
Wattrang E, Eriksson H, Albihn A. Quantification of IgY to Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in serum from Swedish laying hens. BMC Veterinary Research. 2021;17:1–11. doi: 10.1186/s12917-021-02813-0. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02813-0
Beaudette F, Hudson C. An Outbreak of Acute Swine Erysipelas Infection in Turkeys. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 1936;88:475–488. https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/19362202322
Atyabi N, Youssefi R, Javdani G, Tavasoli A, Vojgani M, Gharegozloo F,Gartrell B. Erysipelas in the critically endangered kakapo (Strigops habroptilus). Avian Pathology. 2005;34(5):383–387. doi: 10.1080/03079450500268583. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03079450500268583
El-Ghany WA. A review article on avian erysipelas infection: an occupational disease of one health importance. Veterinary Integrative Sciences. 2023;21(2):481–494. doi: 10.12982/VIS.2023.034. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12982/VIS.2023.034
Zautner AE, Tersteegen A, Schiffner CJ. Human Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection via bath water–case report and genome announcement. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 2022;12:981477. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.981477. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.981477
Habte D, Tamir D, Tilahun T. Swine erysipelas; It’s epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and control and preventive measures, comprehensive review. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 2021;2(2):1–7. doi: 10.47363/JCET/2021(2)115. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47363/JCET/2021(2)115
Cooney K, Kipperman B. Ethical and practical considerations associated with companion animal euthanasia. Animals. 2023;13:430. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13030430
Nofouzi K, Shakeri K, Nikkhah SH, Hosseini R, Khordadmehr M. Gallibacterium anatis as an emerging pathogen in pet birds: biofilm formation contributes to treatment challenges and persistence. BMC Microbiology. 2025;25:518. doi: 10.1186/s12866-025-04263-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-025-04263-2
Galindo-Cardiel I, Opriessnig T, Molina L. Outbreak of mortality in psittacine birds in a mixed-species aviary associated with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection. Veterinary Pathology. 2012;49(3):498–502. doi: 10.1177/0300985811417. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0300985811417246
Pal N, Bender J, Opriessnig T. Rapid detection and differentiation of Erysipelothrix spp. by a novel multiplex real‐time PCR assay. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 2010;108(3):1083–1093. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04560.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04560.x
License
Veterinaria México OA por Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México se distribuye bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución 4.0 Internacional.
Basada en una obra en http://www.revistas.unam.mx
- Todos los artículos en Veterinaria México OA se publican bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0 Unported (CC-BY 4.0). Con esta licencia, los autores retienen el derecho de autor, pero permiten a cualquier usuario compartir, copiar, distribuir, transmitir, adaptar y hacer uso comercial de la obra sin necesidad de proporcionar un permiso adicional, siempre y cuando se otorgue el debido reconocimiento al autor o fuente original.
- Al utilizar esta licencia, los artículos en Veterinaria México OA cubren o exceden todos los requisitos fundacionales e institucionales para ser considerados de Acceso Abierto.
- Los autores no pueden utilizar material protegido por derechos de autor en su artículo a menos que ese material esté también disponible bajo una licencia igualmente generosa.