Transmission of Brucella abortus to female calves younger than three months of age, diagnosed by the card and radial immunodiffusion tests in two dairy herds in the state of Queretaro, Mexico

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Iván Carrisoza Urbina
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Mario Medina Cruz
Centro de Enseñanza, Investigación y Extensión en Producción Animal en Altiplano, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Erika Gabriela Palomares Reséndiz
CENID Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias
Efrén Díaz Aparicio
CENID Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias

Abstract

Transmission of Brucella abortus to female calves from positive and negative cows was determined in the frst week and third month of age. Two herds were used. Herd 1 consisted of 670 milking cows with a brucellosis seroprevalence of 21.6% (145/670). In this herd, groups of positive and negative cows were formed using the card and radial immunodifussion (RID) tests with native hapten. Blood samples were taken from female calves on two occasions: at one week of age and before animals were vaccinated against B. abortus. Of the 22 calves from the positive group, two (9.1%) were positive in the frst week of life, but no more positive calves were found at three months of age. In the group of female calves born to negative cows, there were no positive animals at one week of age, but four out of 22 were found positive with the RID test at three months of age. A prevalence rate of 13.6% of positive calves for B. abortus in the third month of age was calculated. Twenty milk samples were obtained from this herd and B. abortus was isolated from all of them (100%). Using PCR, the strains found were confrmed to be feld strains and not vaccine strains. Herd 2 consisted of 1800 milking cows, participating in the National Campaign against Animal Brucellosis, that had a seroprevalence of 1.94% (35/1800) detected from January to December 2009. In this herd, 1 170 records were analyzed using the results of the card and rivanol tests obtained from female calves younger than three months of age, of which 24 (2.1%) were found positive for B. abortus from January 2009 to June 2010. It is concluded that the diagnosis of brucellosis is necessary in female calves born in dairies to cows that have the disease, in order to prevent positive animals from remaining in the herd. Vaccine-induced antibodies will avert disease detection, but brucellosis will later manifest itself through abortions during frst pregnancies, thus perpetuating the disease in dairies.
Keywords:
Brucella abortus female calves radial immunodiffusion
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2014.414

Article Details

Author Biography

Iván Carrisoza Urbina, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Estudiante de Maestría en Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia

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