Histophilosis in cattle: microbiology, epidemiology and pathology
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Abstract
Histophilosis is a group of diseases suffered by domestic and wild ruminants, produced by Histophilus somni (formerly Haemophilus somnus), a gram-negative bacterium considered an opportunistic pathogenic microorganism that lives in the mucous membranes of ruminants. It mainly affects the respiratory and reproductive tract, as well as the central nervous system; it is also associated with various generalized disorders such as myocarditis, polyarthritis, conjunctivitis, choroiditis, mastitis, epididymitis, otitis, and septicemia. The aim of this review is to provide updated information on this group of diseases affecting cattle, covering the characteristics of the etiological agent, its main virulence factors, epidemiological aspects, and the pathogenesis of the infection. Additionally, the distribution of the disease worldwide, its diagnosis, prevention, and control are included.
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References
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