Histofilosis en bovinos: microbiología, epidemiología y patología
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La histofilosis es un grupo de enfermedades que padecen los rumiantes domésticos y silvestres, producida por Histophilus somni (antes Haemophilus somnus); una bacteria gram negativa, considerada un microorganismo patógeno oportunista que habita en las mucosas de los rumiantes. Afecta principalmente al tracto respiratorio y reproductivo, así como al sistema nervioso central, también se asocia a diversos trastornos generalizados como miocarditis, poliartritis, conjuntivitis, coroiditis, mastitis, epididimitis, otitis y septicemia. El objetivo de esta revisión es presentar información actualizada de este grupo de enfermedades que afecta a los bovinos, abordando las características del agente etiológico, sus principales factores de virulencia, aspectos epidemiológicos y la patogenia de la infección. Adicionalmente, se incluye la distribución de la enfermedad a nivel mundial, su diagnóstico, prevención y control.
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