Obesity in dogs: dimension of the problem and effects of feed

Abstract

Obesity in dogs is a growing problem that affects 30-60 % of the pet population worldwide. It is mainly caused by an energy consumption greater than the animal’s requirement; and needs to be detected, and faced accordingly because it negatively affects their well-being and longevity. Although it depends on the composition of the diet, it has been reported that dogs fed 2 times a day have lower blood glucose and insulin levels. Conversely, Ghrelin and GLP1 concentrations do not vary when dogs are fed once or twice per day. Energy expenditure through physical activity is important as it increases the rate of energy use and helps to raise the metabolic rate, which contributes to a comprehensive weight reduction program. The metabolic energy rate (MER) in sterilized dogs is lower than that in intact animals; therefore, sterilization of pets increases the risk of obesity. The protein content of the diet is important for promoting body protein synthesis and tissue repair. High protein diets work best when feed is offered ad libitum. Omega fatty acids reduce plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein and insulin. Dietary fiber helps to significantly reduce blood cholesterol and triglycerides.