Frecuencia de Eimeria spp en algunas granjas de la zona avícola de Tehuacán, Puebla, México

Abstract

THE PRESENT STUDY WAS AIMED TO ESTIMATE THE AGE OF MAXIMUM OOCYST ELIMINATION, TO FIND OUT ABOUT THE RELATION ON QUANTITIES ELIMINATION RELATIVE TO ENVIRONMENTAL HUMIDITY, AND TO DETERMINE SPECIES OF EIMERIA AND THEIR FREQUENCY IN EIGHT PRODUCTIVE CYCLES. THIS STUDY WAS CARRIED OUT IN CHICKEN HOUSES OF COMMERCIAL FARMS UNDER NORMAL HANDLING CONDITIONS AND THOSE WITH ANTICOCCIDIAL USE IN THE POULTRY AREA OF TEHUACAN, IN THE STATE OF PUEBLA IN MEXICO. SAMPLES OF FRESH DROPPINGS OF REPRESENTATIVE CHICKEN HOUSES FROM SEVEN FARMS OF THE AREA WERE SIMULTANEOUSLY STUDIED FROM THE SECOND TO THE SEVENTH WEEK OF AGE. POSITIVE SAMPLES WERE QUANTIFIED AND IDENTIFIED BY FLOTATION AND MCMASTER METHODS. IT WAS FOUND THAT THE MEAN AGE OF MAXIMUM OOCYSTS ELIMINATION IN THE CHICKENS WAS OF 40 DAYS. A DIRECT RELATIONSHIP AMONG PRODUCTIVE CYCLES WITH HIGHER OOCYSTS ELIMINATION, AND HIGHEST ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIVE HUMIDITY WAS ALSO OBSERVED. AVERAGE FREQUENCY OF EIMERIA SPECIES IN THE AREA WAS: E. TENELLA, 40%; E. BRUNETTI, 25.6%; E. MAXIMA, 20.6%, AND E. ACERVULINA, 13.8%. HOWEVER, FREQUENCY VARIED IN THE STUDIED FARMS. IN THREE OF THEM, E. TENELLA WAS PREVALENT; IN TWO E. BRUNETTI, IN ONE E. MAXIMA, AND IN THE REMAINING ONE A MIXED COMBINATION OF E. TENELLA, E. BRUNETTI AND E. MAXIMA.