Resistencia de nematodos gastrointestinales en borregos a la administración simple y combinada de antihelmínticos, benzimidazoles y closantel, en tres localidades de México

Contenido principal del artículo

Yazmín Alcalá-Canto
Héctor Salvador Sumano-López
Luis Ocampo-Camberos
Lilia Gutiérrez
Graciela Tapia-Pérez

Resumen

Veterinaria México OA
ISSN: 2448-6760

Cómo citar este artículo:

  • Alcalá Canto Y, Sumano López HS, Ocampo Camberos L, Gutiérrez L,Tapia Pérez G. Resistencia de nematodos gastrointestinales en borregos a la administración simple y combinada de antihelmínticos, benzimidazoles y closantel, en tres localidades de México. Veterinaria México OA. 2016;3(4). doi: 10.21753/vmoa.3.4.374

En la producción ovina se requiere de una constante evaluación de la carga parasitaria y la eficacia de tratamientos existentes para su adecuado manejo. En este estudio, se evaluó la administración de cinco tratamientos para eliminar nematodos gastrointestinales en borregos (reducción de huevos por gramo de heces, EPG) en tres granjas productoras de ovinos en México: Texcoco, Estado de México; Hueytanmalco, Puebla, y Tlaltizapán de Zapata, Morelos. A los borregos en estas granjas, rutinariamente se les administraron derivados de ivermectina y benzimidazol durante dos años consecutivos. Para determinar si estos desparasitantes con diferentes propiedades farmacológicas disminuyeron la excreción de huevos en heces (GIN), se administró closantel (CLOS), albendazol (ABZ) y fenmbendazol (FBZ) solos, y en combinaciones de CLOS + ABZ y CLOS + FBZ a cinco grupos de borregos, y se compararon con un grupo control sin tratamiento, en cada granja (n = 28 por rebaño). La resistencia antihelmíntica se determinó mediante la Prueba de Reducción en Conteo de Huevos Fecales (FECRT), tal como lo recomienda la “World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology”. Se colectaron muestras fecales a los 14 y 21 días después del tratamiento. La resistencia antihelmíntica se determinó con base en la reducción de la media aritmética de la cuenta de huevos fecales con un 95 % de límite de confianza. De acuerdo con la FECRT, los nematodos desarrollaron resistencia a CLOS, ABZ, FBZ y CLOS+FBZ, debido a que el porcentaje medio de la reducción de EPG fue ≤ 95 % con un límite de confianza de ≤ 90 %. En contraste, la susceptibilidad de los nematodos a los antihelmintos se confirmó para la combinación CLO + ABZ ya que se redujo la expulsión de huevos fecales por 96.46 ±3.04 % (día 14), y 96.88 ±3.04 % (día 21). Con base en la identificación morfométrica de larvas, los géneros más abundantes fueron Haemonchus spp., Cooperia spp. y Teladorsagia spp. en todas las granjas antes del tratamiento. En conclusión, el uso de la combinación de los antihelmínticos closantel con albendazol puede reducir el desarrollo de la resistencia antihelmíntica en nematodos gastrointestinales.

 

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Equipo Editorial de Veterinaria México OA.Traducción del resumen original en inglés.
Palabras clave:
albendazol fenbendazol closantel borregos nematodos resistencia.

Detalles del artículo

Biografía del autor/a

Yazmín Alcalá-Canto, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Famacología Veterinaria

Citas

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